The Annual National Shadow Budget FY 2023/24 by Institute of Public Finance calls for increased transparency, effectiveness and efficiency in allocation and absorption of public resources. This document analyzes government’s past performance in expenditure and non-financial indicators as provided in the Sector Working Group Reports; priorities and proposed allocations presented in the 2023 Budget Policy Statement (BPS). It also informs the effectiveness and flags off gaps in efficiency, effectiveness and/or transparency that Parliament, advocates and civil society should seek answers to as they undertake their oversight functions.